^ "Republic Hydrometeorological service of Serbia Kneza Višeslava 66 Beograd".^ "Hydrometeorology and water management".^ "Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais (Cemaden)".Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. "Understanding Hydrometeorology Using Global Models". Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Water Management. "Review of recent advances in UK operational hydrometeorology". ^ Dale, Murray Davies, Paul Harrison, Tim (2012).^ "Hydro-meteorological hazards | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization".Springer International Publishing Switzerland. Hydrometeorology: Forecasting and Applications. ^ a b c d e f g h i Sene, Kevin (2015).United States (Hydrometeorological Prediction Center, known as the Weather Prediction Center since 2013).Russia ( Hydrometeorological Centre of Russia).Serbia (Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia).England and Wales ( Flood Forecasting Centre).Brazil (National Center for Natural Disaster Monitoring and Alerts).Operational hydrometeorology in practice Rainfall forecasts for the 1909 Velasco hurricane produced by the US Hydrometeorological Prediction Center (now the Weather Prediction Center)Ĭountries with a current operational hydrometeorological service include, among others: Finally, there must be proper response protocols in place to protect the public during a dangerous event. Many nations have their own specific regional hydrometeorological centers that communicate threats to the public. After analyzing the possible threats, warning systems are put in place to quickly alert people and communicate to them the identity and magnitude of the threat. First, there has to be knowledge of the possible hydrological threats that are expected within a specific region. Risk assessment Ī major component of hydrometeorology is mitigating the risk associated with flooding and other hydrological threats. These models allow scientists to visualize how a multitude of different variables interact with one another, and they illustrate one grand picture of how the Earth's climate interacts with itself. Finally, statistical techniques use regressions and other statistical methods to create long-term projections that go out weeks and months at a time. These forecasts are generally used to predict events days or weeks out. The primary technique used to forecast weather, numerical weather prediction uses mathematical models to account for the atmosphere, ocean, and many other variables when producing forecasts. Nowcasting is good for predicting events a few hours out, utilizing observations and live radar data to combine them with numerical weather prediction models. There are three primary ways to model meteorological phenomena in weather forecasting, including nowcasting, numerical weather prediction, and statistical techniques. One of the more significant aspects of hydrometeorology involves predictions about and attempts to mitigate the effects of high precipitation events. Many countries have established an operational hydrometeorological capability to assist with forecasting, warning, and informing the public of these developing hazards. Among these hazards are the results of natural processes and atmospheric, hydrological, or oceanographic phenomena such as floods, tropical cyclones, drought, and desertification. UNESCO has several programs and activities in place that deal with the study of natural hazards of hydrometeorological origin and the mitigation of their effects. As an example, a meteorologist might forecast 2–3 inches (51–76 mm) of rain in a specific area, and a hydrologist might then forecast what the specific impact of that rain would be on the local terrain. Hydrologists often use data provided by meteorologists. Hydrometeorology is a branch of meteorology and hydrology that studies the transfer of water and energy between the land surface and the lower atmosphere. Branch of meteorology and hydrology Watercycle-french.jpg
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |